MuscleTables
1
MuscleTables
Table1-2
MUSCLE
PROXIMAL
ATTACHMENT
(ORIGIN)
DISTAL
ATTACHMENT
(INSERTION)
INNERVATION
MAIN ACTIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
MUSCLE
GROUP
Genioglossus
Mental spine of
mandible
Dorsum of tongue,
hyoid bone
Hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Depresses and
protrudes tongue
Sublingual and
submental
arteries
Extrinsic tongue
Geniohyoid
Inferior genial tubercle
on back of
symphysis of
mandible
Anterior surface of
body of hyoid
bone
Branch of C1
through
hypoglossal
nerve (CN XII)
Elevates hyoid bone
and depresses
mandible
Sublingual branch
of lingual artery
Suprahyoid
Hyoglossus
Body and greater horn
of hyoid bone
Lateral and inferior
aspect of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Depresses and
retracts tongue
Sublingual and
submental
arteries
Extrinsic tongue
Inferior longitudinal
muscle of tongue
Under surface of tongue
between
genioglossus and
hyoglossus
Tip of tongue blending
with styloglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Shortens tongue,
turns tip and
sides downward
Deep lingual branch
of lingual
artery,
branches from
facial artery
Intrinsic tongue
Inferior oblique
Anterior floor of orbit
lateral to
nasolacrimal canal
Lateral sclera deep to
lateral rectus
Oculomotor nerve
(CN III),
inferior
division
Abducts, elevates,
and laterally
rotates eyeball
Ophthalmic artery
Extra-ocular
Inferior pharyngeal
constrictor
Oblique line of thyroid
cartilage and cricoid
cartilage
Median raphe of
pharynx
Vagus nerve via
pharyngeal
plexus
Constricts wall of
pharynx during
swallowing
Ascending
pharyngeal
artery,
branches of
superior thyroid
artery
Circular
pharyngeal
Inferior rectus
Common tendinous ring
Inferior aspect of
eyeball, posterior
to corneoscleral
junction
Oculomotor nerve
(CN III),
inferior
division
Depresses, adducts,
and laterally
rotates eyeball
Ophthalmic artery
Extra-ocular
Lateral crico-
arytenoid
Arch of cricoid cartilage
Muscular process of
arytenoid cartilage
Recurrent
laryngeal
nerve
Adducts vocal folds
Superior and
inferior thyroid
arteries
Laryngeal
Lateral pterygoid
Superior head:
infratemporal
surface of greater
wing of sphenoid
Inferior head:
lateral
pterygoid plate
Pterygoid fovea,
capsule of
temporomandibular
joint, articular disc
Mandibular nerve
(CN V
3
),
muscular
branches
from anterior
division
Bilaterally:
protrude
mandible
Unilaterally and
alternately:
produces
side-to-side
grinding
Muscular branches
of maxillary
artery
Mastication
Lateral rectus
Common tendinous ring
Lateral aspect of
eyeball, posterior
to corneoscleral
junction
Abducent nerve
(CN VI)
Abducts eyeball
Ophthalmic artery
Extra-ocular
Levator anguli oris
Canine fossa of maxilla
immediately below
infra-orbital foramen
and under cover of
zygomatic head of
levator labii
superioris
Angle of mouth; fibers
intermingle with
orbicularis oris,
depressor anguli
oris, zygomaticus
Zygomatic and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Elevates angle of
mouth
Superior labial
branch of facial
artery
Facial expression
Levator labii
superioris
alaeque nasi
Angular head:
upper
part of frontal
process of maxilla
Infra-orbital head:
orbit
above infra-orbital
foramen
Zygomatic head:
malar
surface of
zygomatic bone
Angular head:
into
greater alar
cartilage, skin of
nose, lateral upper
lip
Infra-orbital head:
into muscular
substance of
upper lip between
angular head and
caninus
Zygomatic head:
into
skin of nasolabial
groove and upper
lip
Zygomatic and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Angular head:
elevates upper
lip and dilates
nostril
Infra-orbital head:
raises angle of
mouth
Zygomatic head
:
elevates upper
lip laterally
Superior labial
branch and
angular
branches of
facial artery
Facial expression
